(a) Name two minerals that occur as weathering products.   (2mks)

(b) State three uses of soda ash.         (3mks)

(a) Name the hydroelectric power projects located in each of the following rivers in Africa:   

i) River Zambezi             (1mk)

ii) River Volta            (1mk)

(b) State three factors that have hindered the development of solar energy in Kenya.         (3mks)

The figure below is a map that shows wheat growing areas of Canada. Use it to answer questions below

(a) Name the provinces marked G and H          (2mks)

(b) State three reasons for the increase in the price of maize in Kenya     (3mks)

(a) Explain the term visible trade       (2mks)

(b) State three economic benefits of Southern African Development Community (SADC) to its member states     (3mks)

(a) Apart from pollution, name two other environmental hazards that occur as a result of human activities       (2mks)

(b) State three effects of air pollution on the physical environment     (3mks)

(a) Give four physical conditions that favour sugarcane growing in the Lake Victoria basin       (4mks)

(b)

i) Describe the stages involved in the processing of sugarcane at the factory     (6mks)

ii) Apart from sugar, give three other products obtained from sugarcane       (3mks)

(c) Explain three causes for the decline of sugarcane farming in Kenya     (6mks)

(d) Explain three ways in which the Kenyan government is promoting the sugar industry     (6mks)

(a)

 i) Define horticulture       (2mks)

ii) Outline five characteristics of horticultural farming in Kenya       (5mks)

(b)

 i) Give four physical factors that favour horticultural farming in Kenya (4mks)

ii) Explain three challenges that horticultural farmers experience in marketing their produce       (6mks)

(c) You intend to carry out a field study in a nearby horticultural farm.

 i) Apart from flowers, identify the other two types of crops you are likely to find in the farm       (2mks)

ii) Give two sources of information that you would use for the field study       (2mks)

iii) State four factors that have contributed to fast growth of the flower farming sub-sector in Kenya       (4mks)

(a)

 i) Differentiate between pelagic and demersal fish       (2mks)

ii) Describe the drift method of fishing       (6mks)

(b) Explain four reasons why there is widespread fresh water fishing in East Africa    (8mks)

(c) Explain how each of the following factors influence fishing in Kenya and Japan:

 i) Market               (2mks)

ii) Technology       (2mks)

(d) State the significance of fishing to the economy of Kenya.    (5mks)

(a)

 i) Name two types of settlement patterns found in rural areas       (2mks)

ii) State five factors that have contributed to the emergence of slums in urban centres       (5mks)

(b) Explain four functions of Eldoret town.    (8mks)

(c) State four factors that led to the growth of New York City in America    (4mks)

 (d) Explain three measures that have been undertaken to reduce motor vehicle congestion in Nairobi city    (6mks)